Rotary crusher.



H. L. KENT.

ROTARY CHU'SHER. APPLICATION FILED AUG-20. 1915.

1 955 319 Patented lFeb.5,191& 2 SHEETS-SHEET I- a i o 2 2a 14 4 m as 24 11 10 g m 2 W9 5 if 2 I 7 ffi H. l KENT. ROTARY CRUSHER. APPLICATION man AUG-2b. 1915.

' wm wm WWW anve nto'a HORACE L. KENT, F BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

ROTARY GRUSHER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 5, 191..

Application filed August 20, 1915. Serial No. 46,417.

borough of Brooklyn of the city of New York, in the county of Kings and State of Xew York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Rotary Crushers, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to mills which employ rolling balls or rollers for the purpose of grinding or pulverizing substances such as cement stone or other frangible or refractory substances.

The object of the invention is to produce a grinding or pulverizing mill which will have a large capacity, be simple in construction, cheap in its upkeep, easy to maintain in condition, and which will require little care or attention on the part of the operator to produce a uniform product in large quantities. 1

As showing a specific embodiment of the invention reference is made to the drawings forming a part of the specification, in which drawings,

Figure 1 shows a vertical cross-sectional view of a mill embodying my invention. This figure represents a view taken as on the line 11 ofFig. 2.

Fig. 2 is a plan view partially broken away of the mill shown in Fig. 1.

The mill comprises the casing 1 which is supported upon any suitable standard construction, as 2-. The casing comprises the lower half 3 and the upper half 4 which are provided respectively with bearings 5 and 6. A vertically-extending shaft 7 is rotatably mounted in said bearings and a bearing 8 is also provided to receive the lower end of said shaft. An annular member 9, carried by the lower half 3 of the casing 1, has on its upper surface a series of annular grooved portions 10, 11 and 12, and in these grooved portions there are located sets of balls or rollers 13. These rollers are engaged on their upper portions by an intermediate rotatable member 14 which presses downwardly against the tops of the rollers 13. The intermediate member 14: has on its upper surface annular grooves 15 and 16 in which are located sets of balls or rollers 17 The sets of rollers 17 are engaged by an annular ring 18 which is continuously pressed against said rollers by three spring means 19. A hopper '20 serves as a means for feeding the material to be operated upon into the mill.

The intermediate member 14 is driven by the shaft 7 and from an inspection of the I drawings it will be observed that the intermediate member is a floating member, so to speak, as it can rise and fall within limited distances. It is advisable to allow the member this limited vertical movement and also to allow it to have a slight lateral movement in order that it may adapt itself to the varying conditions of the work or the material being operated upon as the latter passes through the mill. Such movement is permitted by the yielding spring means engaging the pressure ring 18 and by providing a loose fit between the shaft 7 and each of its bearings 6, 5 and 8. Practically all of the vertical thrusts in the mill are absorbed by the annular member or ring 9 on the one hand and the annular ring 18 on the other, and therefore thrust bearings for the shaft 7 are not required.

In the preferred embodiment of the invention the annular member 9 is stationary, as is shown, and this member serves as a supporting member for the set of balls 13. This member 9 is in fact a large annular ring and it may be referred to as a large or outer supporting ring because it supports the outer set of rollers, to wit, the rollers 13. The intermediate member 14 serves the dual function of a pressure member because it presses downwardly against the rollers 13, and of a supporting member because it supports the rollers 17 which are located in the grooved portions 15 and 16 that are on the upper part of this intermediate member.

The annular ring 18 may be referred to as the small or inner pressure ring because it engages and presses against the inner set of rollers 17. This inner ring 18 is held against rotation by depending lugs, such as 23.

As previously indicated, the material is first fed to the machine through the hopper 20, from the throat of which the material is delivered through the opening in the inner pressure ring into the space in which the rollers 17 are located. These rollers 17 perform the preliminary grinding or pulverizing operation and are frequently referred to as the roughing rollers and sometimes as the inner rollers since they are nearer the axis of rotationthat is the shaft 7-than are the outer or finishing rollers 13; From the space in whichv the roughing rollers are located the material passes outwardly through the perforations or openings 24 and finally it passes radially outwardly through the space containing the balls 13. The latter are referred to as finishing rollers since they perform the finishing operation on the material being ground or pulverized. The openings 24 operate as a screen to prevent oversize material from passing from the roughing rollers and in this way a practically uniform product is presented to the finishing rollers. .As the intermediate member 14 rotates there is a tendency for the material being operated upon to be thrown radially outwardly and for this reason the grooved portions are shaped so that the outer parts thereof, as at 25 and 26, are higher than their corresponding inner parts and the outer parts will extend above the horizontal line, thus causing the material being operated upon to run up-hill before it can leave the space in which'the roughing rollers are located, and in fact as this material is forced upward in this portion of the groove it is engaged by the rollers 17.

The centrifugal force also assists the material to pass through the openings 24 from which the material enters the space in which the finishing rollers 13 are located either directly or indirectly after the material has dropped into the space below the central portion of the intermediate member. In order that any material, which may drop into the space that is directly below the central portion of the intermediate member, will be caused to enter the space in which the finishing rollers are located, there is provided on the underside of the intermediate member 14 a number of radially-extending scraper ribs 27. These ribs also cooperate with the upwardly and outwardly extending upper surface portion 28 which is provided on the central portion of the supporting member or ring 9. The material which enters the space in which the finishing rollers 13 are located does not have the tendency to fly outwardly due to the centrifugal force because it rests upon the stationary annular member 9 while being ground. The material will, however, be forced radially outwardly by the incoming material over this annular supporting member 9 as the work progresses.

Each outer side 29, 30 and 31 of the corresponding grooved portion in the supporting member 9 is higher than the inner side or edge of its corresponding grooved portion, so as to prevent any short circuiting, so to speak, or direct flow of the material from the mill until after the material has been properly ground.

It will therefore be observed that the degree of fineness to which the material may be ground in the apparatus may be controlled to a certain extent by the height of the outer portion of the grooves as well as by the number of rollers employed in the ,machine, and also upon the pressure imparted to the sets of balls.

From an inspection of Fig. 1 it will be observed that the grinding and pulverizing effect is produced by first crushing or rough termediate member 14.

The inner balls 17 are preferably twice the diameter of the outer balls 13 because when driven in the manner shown in the drawings there will be the same or approxi mately the same surface working speed between the sets of balls 17 and 12 and their respective supporting members. In other words, the working surface speed between the rollers 17 and the grooved portions of the intermediate member 14 on the one hand will approximate or equal the working surface s eed between the finishing rollers 13 and t e grooved supporting member 9 on the other.

As shown in Fig. l of the drawings the intermediate rotatable member 14 in eifect comprises a lower central portion upon which the inner set of rollers 17 is supported and an elevated portion which presses against the outer or finishing rollers 13. The lower central portion of the intermediate rotatable member is connected to the elevated outer portion of this same member by means of an upwardly extending intermediate portion in which are located the perforations 24. This upwardly extending intermediate portion may be considered as an upwardly extending screen connecting the lower central portion and the elevated outer portion. From this same figure it is clear that the inner set of rollers 17 comprises a plurality of rows of balls and that the row of balls nearest to the axis of rotation is lower than the subsequent series of rows of balls in the same set. Likewise the outer or finishing set of rollers 13 comprises three rows of balls, which rows are arranged so that the rows farthest from the axis of rotation are at a higher elevation than the rows of balls nearer the axis of rotation. This stepped-up arrangement of the rows of balls in each set necessitates an up-grade rea ers working of the material being operated upon as it passes outwardly through the machine and consequently can be relied upon to retard a delivery of the material from,

the machine until the material is properly ground.

The improvements herein set forth are not limited to the precise construction and arrangement shown and described, as they may be embodied in various forms and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

What I claim is:

1. A grinding and pulverizing mill of the class described comprising in combination a supporting member, rollers carried in grooves in said supportingmember, a r tating floating intermediate member which presses downwardly upon said rollers, said floating intermediate member having grooves on the upper side thereof which grooves are nearer the axis of rotation than said first-mentioned grooves, whereby the intermediate member can serve as a roller supporting member, a second set of rollers in said last mentioned grooves, and a yielding pressure ring engaging the tops of said second set of rollers.

2. A grinding and pulverizing mill of the class described comprising in combination a stationary supporting member, outer or finishing rollers carried in grooves in said supporting member, a rotatable intermediate member which presses downwardly upon said rollers, said rotatable intermediate member having grooves on the upper side thereof which grooves are nearer to the axis of rotation than said first-mentioned grooves whereby the intermediate member can serve as a roller supporting member, an inner set of rollers in said secondmentioned grooves, which inner set of rollers serves as roughing rollers, and a pressure ring engaging the tops of said inner set of rollers, said intermediate member having a screen portion through which the material must pass on its way from the inner set of roughing rollers to the outer or finishing rollers.

3. A mill of the class described comprising in combination a supporting ring, a set of rollers carried thereby, an upper pressure ring, another set of rollers nearer to the axis of rotation than the first-mentioned termediate member and the pressure ring and another series of grinding rollersv between the supporting ring and the intermediate member, the intermediate member being provided with a screen in the intermediate portion so that material being ground will be screened in passing from one series of grinding rollers to the other.

5. A mill of the class described comprising a stationary supporting ring having a groove or grooves therein, a set of grinding or pulverizing rollers in said grooves, a rotatable intermediate member which engages the tops of said rollers, said intermediate member having on its upper portion a plurality of grooves which are nearer to the axis of rotation than the first-mentioned grooves, a second set of rollers in said last-mentioned grooves, a stationary pressure ring for engaging the top portion of said last-mentioned set of rollers, and spring means for continuously pressing said pressure ring against the rollers, the grooves in each set of grooves having a stepped-up arrangement whereby the material being operated upon must move upwardly as it passes outwardly through the machine.

6. A mill of the class described comprising in combination a set of rollers having a plurality of rows of balls or rollers for carrying out a roughing operation for rough grinding and a set of rollers having I .or pulverizing, the rows of rollers in each set having a stepped-up arrangement.

7. A mill of the class described comprising in combination a lower supporting ring, a set of rollers mounted in a groove on said ring, an intermediate pressing and supporting member which engages said rollers, a second Set of rollers supported upon said intermediate member, and a pressure ring for engaging said second set of rollers so as to force the latter downwardly against the intermediate member, the second set of rollers being of greater diameter and arranged nearer to the axis of rotation of the intermediate member than the first-mentioned set of rollers.

8. A grinding and pulverizing mill of the class described comprising in combination a casing, a shaft revolubly mounted in said casing, a supporting member carried by said casing, said supporting member having upon its upper surface a plurality of annulargrooves, an outer set of rollers mounted in said grooves, an intermediate member driven by said shaft and engaging the tops of said rollers, said intermediate member also having a plurality of annular grooves on the upper surface thereof nearer the axis of rotation than said outer'set of rollers, a set of inner rollers in said grooves, a pressure ring which engages the tops of said inner set of rollers, yielding means between said casing and said pressure ring to press the latter downwardly, said inner set of rollers being of greater diameter than said outer set of rollers.

9. A grinding and pulverizing mill of the class described comprising in combination a casing, a stationary supporting ring having upon its upper surface a plurality of annular grooves, an outer set of rollers in said grooves, a rotatable intermediate member which presses downwardly against the tops of said outer set of rollers, said intermediate member having on its upper surface a plurality of annular grooves, an inner set of rollers located in said grooves, a pressure ring which engages and presses downwardly against the top of the inner set of rollers, and spring means for pressing the various members against the rollers in the manner specified, the balls of the inner set being of larger diameter than the balls of the outer set.

10. A grinding and pulverizing mill of the class described comprising in combination a casing, a stationary supporting ring having upon its upper surface one or more annular grooves, an outer set of rollers in said grooves, a rotatable intermediatememher which presses downwardly against the tops of said set of rollers, said intermediate member having on its upper surface one or more annular grooves, an inner set of rollers located in said grooves, a pressure ring which engages and presses downwardly against the top of the inner set of rollers, and spring means for pressing the various members against the balls in the manner specified, the intermediate member having perforations whereby a screen is provided between the working space in which the inner rollers are located and the working space in which the outer rollers are located so that only material which is below a certain size will be permitted to enter the space in which the outer rollers are located.

11. A grinding and pulverizing mill of the class described comprising in combination a resisting member, a pressure ring, an intermediate member, and two sets of rollers, one set of which is located on one side of the intermediate member, another set of which is located on the other side of the intermediate member nearer the axis of rota- ,tion than said first-mentioned set, one set of the rollers being engaged by the pressure ring which forces the balls against the intermediate member, the other set of rollers being supported by the resisting member, said intermediate member having openings of a size to serve as a screen to prevent material above .a certain size passing from the working space within which one set of roll-- ers is located tothe working space in which theother set of rollers is located.

set of rollers, a pressure ring engaging said second set of rollers, said intermediate member also being provided wlth a screen for preventing material above a certaln size from passing from the working space with-' in which one set of rollers is located to the working space in which the other set of rollers is located.

13. A mill of the class described comprising in combination a large or outer ring, a rotatable intermediate member, a small or inner pressure ring, an outer set of rollers located between the outer ring and the intermediate member, and an inner set of rollers located between the intermediate member and the small or inner pressure ring, the mill also being provided with a passageway or passageways whereby material operated upon in the working space in which one of said sets of rollers is located can pass to the working space in which the other set of rollers is located.

14. A mill of the class described comprising in combination a large stationary outer supporting ring, a rotatable intermediate member, a small inner pressure ring, an outer set offinishing rollers located be tween the outer stationary ring and an outer portion of the intermediate member, and an inner set of roughing rollers located between the central portion of the intermediate member and the small inner pressure ring, the intermediate member being provided with an upwardly extending screen portion which connects the central portion of the intermediate member with the outer portion of the intermediate member which outer portion is elevated in respect to the central portion.

15(A grinding and pulverizing mill of the class described comprising in combination a casing, a stationary or outer ring which is supported by said casing, said supporting ring being grooved on its upper surface; a set of finishing rollers in the grooved portion of said ring; a rotatable intermediate member for engaging the tops of said finishing rollers so as to force the latter into the grooved portion of said stationary ring, said intermediate member being grooved on its upper surface, said lastmentioned grooves being nearer the axis of rotation than the grooves in said supporting ring; a second set of rollers located in said groove, which set of rollers serve to carry out a roughing operation; a pressure ring for engaging the top'portion of said meagre second set of rollers so as to force the latter into the grooved portion of said intermediate member; spring means between the casing and the last mentioned ring so as to press the latter against the rollers; means for feeding material which is to be ground or pulverized to the space in which the roughing rollers are located; and means for allowing the material, after it is rough ground, to pass to-the space in which the finishing rollers are located.

16. A mill of the class described comprising in combination a rotatable supporting member having a plurality of grooves on its upper surface, a plurality of rows of rollers located in said grooves, a springpressed means or ring for forcing the rollers into said grooved portion and means for feeding the material to be ground to the space between the axis of rotation of the supporting member and the inner row of rollers, the rows of rollers being arranged so that a row farthest from the axis of rotation is higher than a row nearer the axis of rotation.

17. A mill of the class described comprising in combination an outer supporting ring having annular grooved portions in its upper surface, a set of rollers in ;said grooved portions, an intermediate member for pressing downwardly against the tops of said rollers, said intermediate member having annular grooved portions on its upper surface, a set of rollers in said grooved portions, and a. rin for pressing downwardly against said ast-mentioned rollers, the grooved portions in said intermediate member and saidsupporting ring being so shaped that they will oppose the free outward movement of the material but will cause it to run up the sides of the grooved portions in the intermediate mem ber, the grooves in the stationary member being shaped so that the material passing.

radially outward through the machine will have to travel up the sides of the grooved portions in the stationary member during treatment by the rollers.

18. A mill of the class described comprising in combination a stationary supporting ring having annular grooved portions on the upper surface, the outer edge of which grooved portions extends above a horizontal line, an outer set of rollers located in said grooved portions, a rotatable intermediate member which engages said outer set of rollers, said intermediate member having annular grooved portions, the outer edges of which grooved portions extend above the horizontal line, an inner set of rollers located in said last mentioned grooved portions, a spring-pressed pressure ring which engages the top of said lastmentioned rollers, said intermediate member being provided with a screen through which the material from the space in which the inner rollers are located must pass prior to its entrance into the space in which the outer rollers are located, said intermediate member having scraping blades on the under side thereof and said outer supporting ring having on its central portion an upwardly and outwardly inclined upper surface over which material that has passed through the screen can slide so as to insure its entrance into the working space in which the outer rollers are located.

19. A mill of the class described comprising in combination a supporting member having a groove on its upper surface, rollers located in said groove, a rotatable member engaging said rollers and pressing them downwardly, said rotatable member having passageways through which material to be operated upon is fed radially outwardly into the working space in which said rollers are located, which working space is defined by said supporting member and said rotatable member, and a scraper carried by said rotatable member for engaging the material as it passes outwardly from said working space. R q

20. A rotary mill of the class described provided with two sets of working spaces each set containing rollers for engaging and operating upon the material as it passes through the mill, one set of said working spaces'being nearer the axis of rotation than the other set of said working spaces, said mill having between said set of working spaces a rotary screen through which the material is assisted in its outward movement by centrifugal force resulting'from the rotating of said screen.

21. A mill of the class described provided with a plurality of working spaces in each of which spaces there is located a set of rollers that engage and operate upon the material in the working space corresponding to the particular set of rollers, said mill having between said working spaces a rotary screen through which the material can pass radially outwardly from one of the working spaces to another of the workmg spaces when the screen is rotating.

22. A mill of the class described, comprising in combination an outer supporting ring, an inner ring, and an intermediate rlng located between said outer and inner rings and forming working spaces therebetween, each working space containing a set of rollers, a screen between said working spaces, the mill being so constructed and arranged that in one working space the materlal is brought into engagement with the rollers contained therein, and in the other working space the rollers contained therein are brought into engagement with the material.

23. A mill of the class described, comprising in combination an outer supporting ring,

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an inner ring, and an intermediate ring or memberlocated between said outer and inner rings and forming working spaces therebetween, each working space containing a set of rollers, the mill being so constructed and arranged that in one Working space the material is brought into engagement with the rollers contained therein, and in the other working space the rollers contained therein are brought into engagement with the material, the intermediate ring or member comprising a lower central portion above which one of the working spaces is provided, an elevated outer portion below which another working space is provided, and an intermediate screen portion through which material passes from one working space to another.

24. A mill of the class described comprising in combination an outer supporting ring having a plurality of grooved portions on the upper surface thereof, a plurality of rows of balls in said grooved portions constituting an outer set of balls, an intermediate rotatable member pressing against said rows of balls, said intermediate member having in the central portion thereof a plurality of grooved portions, a plurality of rows of balls constituting an inner set of balls in the grooved portions of said intermediate member, and a ring pressing against the top of said last-mentioned rows of balls, said intermediate member having an upwardly extending intermediate portion which connects the central portion of the intermediate member and the elevated or outer portion of the intermediate member, the rows of balls in each set having a stepped-up arrangement whereby material passing through the mill must travel alon an upward path.

25. A mill of tie class described comprising in combination a supporting member having a plurality of grooved portions in its upper surface, a plurality of rows of balls in said grooved portions, pressing means engaging the tops of said rows of balls, and means for feeding material to be ground so that it will pass radially outward as it is being operated upon, the outer side of each of the grooved portions being higher than the inner side thereof.

This specification signed and witnessed this 19th day of August, A. D. 1915.

HORACE L. KENT.

Signed in the presence of- G. MCGRANN, W. C. MARGESON. 

